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Monumentum

Cautes and Cautópates of Palazzo Imperiale

The sculptures of Cautes and Cautopates from the Mitreo del Palazzo Imperiale may have been reused from an older mithraeum in Ostia.
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The New Mithraeum
19 Jun 2009
Updated on Jan 2022

TNMM 143 ↔ CIMRM 254 & 255

Two marble statues (H. 0.42). Roma, Mus. Lateran, Nos. 968 and 958.

Inscriptions are engraved in the bases of the statues. The frontsides have representations in relief of Cautes and Cautopates in Eastern attire. Cross-legged. They hold their torches with both hands. On the sides a jug and patera.

Upon these bases there are statues of the same torchbearers in the same atti- tudes and dresses. Traces of guilding (Visconti, 162 and Atti Acc. Pont. XV, CXXXVIII).

CIMRM 255

CIL XIV 58, 59; MMM II No. 133.
On the front-side:
C. Caelius / Ermeros / ant/istes huius lo/ci fecit sua / pec(unia).
On the left side:
Positi XV k(alendas) / febrarias / Q. Iunio Rus/tico / L. Plaut[io] / Aquilin[o] / co[(n)s(ulibus)].

162 A.D. As the Mithraeum is probably contemporaneous with the therms of Septimius Severus, these monuments can origin from an older Mithraeum and reused here.

C. Caelius Ermeros also dedicated an altar in the Mitreo delle Pareti dipinte (No. 269).

CIL XIV 58, 59

C[aius] Caelius / Ermeros / ant/istes huius lo/ci fecit sua / pec[unia].
Posit[a]e XV k[alendas] / febr[u]arias / Q[uinto] Iunio Rus/tico / L[ucio] Plaut[io] / Aquilin[o] / co[[n]s[ulibus]].
Caius Caelius Ermero, antistes of this place, made, at his own expense.
Erected on the fifteenth day before the calendas of February, Quintus Iunius Rusticus and Lucius Plautius Aquilinus being consuls.

References

Visconti, 164 and PI. LM, 1,2; Benndorf-SchOne, Nos 502,504; MMM II 243k and figs. 72, 74; RRS III 139,8; Leipoldt, figs. 33, 34; Anderson, No. 24141 (see our fig. 76); Paschetto, Ostia, 392 fig. 118; Becatti, Mitrei Ostia, 54 and PI. XXXV.

Related monuments

Mitreo del Palazzo Imperiale

A mosaic of Silvanus, dated to the time of Commodus, was found in a niche in a nearby room of the Mithraeum in the Imperial Palace at Ostia.

Altar with inscription of Mitreo del Palazzo Imperiale

This is one of several marble inscriptions made by a certain Caelius Ermeros, who was the antistes of the Mithraeum of the Imperial Palace.

Mosaic of Silvanus from Ostia

This unusual mosaic representation of the god Silvanus was found in the Mithreaum of the so-called Imperial Palace in Ostia.

Floor mosaic of Mitreo del Palazzo Imperiale

It bears an inscription repeated on each side of the podia.

 

Marble statue of Cautopates from Ostia

This marble statuette from Ostia depicts Cautopates lowering his torch beside a tapering rock associated with Mithras’ birth from stone.

Two marble heads of Mithras from Ostia

Two marble heads from Ostia, including a youthful figure wearing a Phrygian cap and another identified as Mithras-Helios.

 
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