Mithraeum of Regensburg

TNMM 1399

Preventive excavations at Stahlzwingerweg 6 revealed the remains of a wooden sanctuary. The significance of the structure became clear only after the combined analysis of all excavation phases.

No dedicatory inscription naming Mithras has survived. The identification relies on a consistent set of architectural and contextual indicators. These include a long and narrow plan, a partly sunken floor, benches along the side walls, and a central aisle. Together, these features correspond closely to known Mithraic temple layouts.

Associated finds include fragments of votive plaques and metal fittings. Ceramic vessels, incense cups, jugs, and drinking wares were also recovered. These objects point to ritual banquets as a central aspect of cult practice. Sherds decorated with snake motifs further support a religious interpretation. Coin evidence, including issues of Emperor Hadrian, dates the sanctuary to between approximately 80 and 171 CE. This places it within the period of the Roman cohort fort at Kumpfmühl and the early Danube settlement, before the establishment of the later legionary camp.

The Mithraeum of Regensburg is the only Roman sanctuary so far identified within the city’s Old Town. It currently represents the earliest Mithraic sanctuary documented in Bavaria. The discovery significantly improves our understanding of religious life and small-group cult practice in the northern provinces during the early Imperial period.

The finds are under study and will be presented in a future Roman exhibition at the Museums of the City of Regensburg.