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The altar of Ptuj depicts Mithras and Sol on the front and the water miracle on the right side.
Valencia is one of the oldest Roman cities in Spain, founded in 138 BC under the name 'Valentia Edetanorum' on the site of an older Iberian city.
Barcelona is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. Founded as a Roman city, in the Middle Ages Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona.
Sandstone petrogenesis from Petronell-Carnuntum (Lower Austria), depicting Mithras emerging from the rock, preserved from the knees upwards.
Mithraeum discovered in 1887–1888, located about 85 m north of the castellum at Ober-Florstadt, built on a hillside with a central aisle, benches, and an altar podium.
In these two key passages, Justin Martyr interprets Mithraic rituals and myths as demonic parodies of Christ’s incarnation, the Eucharist, and biblical revelation.
Marble plaque with inscription by a certain Ursinus found in Virunum in 1838.
The Mithraeum of Sutri was built inside a rocky hill that also hosted the Roman theatre of the city.
Marble inscription recording the dedication of a cult image to the unconquered Mithras by a certain pater Valerius Marinus from Rome.
Terracotta krater from the southern part of the Friedberg Mithraeum, discovered in 1849. The vessel is decorated in relief with serpents, a scorpion and a ladder-like motif.
In Letter 107 to Laeta, Jerome combines a pastoral reflection on conversion with an account of the urban prefect Gracchus, who ordered the destruction of a Mithraic cave in Rome, listing the seven grades of initiation associated with the cult.
The Mithraeum of Rudchester was discovered in 1844 on the brow of the hill outside the roman station.
Roman relief from a sanctuary on the Janiculum Hill (Rome), showing a male figure bound by a serpent coiled seven times.
In these passages from his hymns and satires, Julian articulates a solar theology in which Helios governs cosmic order and time. Within this framework, Mithras appears as a personal divine guide associated with the ascent of souls.
Sandstone relief of Mithras as bull-slayer, found at Petronell in 1932, with dog, serpent and scorpion, traces of polychromy preserved, now in the Museum Carnuntinum.
A series of polemical passages in which a leading fourth-century Christian theologian presents the cult of Mithras as a religion defined by cruelty, bodily suffering, and shameful initiation rites.
Vicus Baudobriga was a Roman settlement on the left bank of the Rhine, founded during the conquest of Gaul. Its development reflects the Rhine’s shifting role as frontier, trade route, and fortified border before Roman withdrawal.
Statue of Cautes from Bodobrica, discovered around 1940, depicting the torchbearer standing before a tree or rock and associated with a bucranium.
Triangular marble slab (H. 0.39 Br. 0.30 D. 0.03), found in the Forum of Nerva.
