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Provincia

Mithras in Transpadana

Transpadana occupied the northern plains of Italy where major communication routes connected the peninsula to the Alpine and Danubian worlds.

The material documented in Transpadana illustrates the circulation of Mithraic cults through urban settlements, regional trade and imperial mobility across northern Italy. The province formed part of the strategic corridor linking Italy to the frontier provinces.

Mithraic monuments of Transpadana

 

Mitreo di Angera

The existence of a mithraeum in the "tana del lupo", a natural cave in the castle of Angera, has been assumed since the 19th century, following the discovery of two mithraic inscriptions in the town.

CIMRM 716

 

Slab of the astrologer Maximus of Milan

Marcus Valerius Maximus records in this inscription his knowledge of astrology as well as the name of his wife.

CIMRM 708

 

Stele of Acilius Pisonianus from Milan

This high stele by a certain Acilius Pisonianus bears an inscription commemorating the restoration of a Mithraeum in Mediolanum, today's Milan.

CIMRM 706

 

Altar from Novaria by Aelius Secundinus

The v in this small altar found in Novaria has been interpreted by some commentators as qualifying Mithras as victorious.

CIMRM 704

 

Inscription of Valerianus Petalus

In this inscription, found in Angera in Lombardy, Mithras is referred to by the unicum 'adiutor'.

CIMRM 717

 

Inscription of two lions from Angera

This marble base found in Angera in 1868 bears the inscription of two people who reached the degree of Leo.

CIMRM 718

 

Altar of Varia Severa, daughter of Quintus, from Milan

An altar found at Milan (ancient Mediolanum), dedicated to the Invincible Mithras by Varia Severa, daughter of Quintus; because the dedicant is a woman, Cumont suggests it may alternatively be dedicated to the Dis Manibus.

CIMRM 705

 

Base of Q. Muielius Iustus dedicated to the Genetrix from Trento

A square base found with its companion piece at Trento, dedicated to the Genetrix of the god in thanks for a birth by Q. Muielius Iustus and his family.

CIMRM 733

 

Black marble cippus dedicated to Cautopates by G. Munatius Tiro from Val Camonica

A black marble cippus from Val Camonica with clear but inelegant lettering, dedicated to Cautopates by G. Munatius Tiro, a duovir iure dicundo, and his son G. Munatius Fronto.

CIMRM 715

 

Double-sided limestone relief with raven and tauroctony from Val di Non

A double-sided limestone relief found near Meclo in Val di Non in 1895, now in the Museo Nazionale at Trento, with a raven and altar scene on the obverse and scenes on the reverse showing a figure attacking a kneeling Phrygian-capped person and Mithras as a bull-carrier.

CIMRM 729

 

Inscription "Deo Soli" dedicated by the res publica from Brescia

An inscription found in the old monastery of San Giulia in Brescia (ancient Brixia), in the arch supporting the crypt of Santa Maria in Solario, recording a dedication to Deus Sol by the res publica.

CIMRM 712

 

Inscription of C. Valerius Rufinus from Introbbio

An inscription found in 1883 at Introbbio in the Valsassina valley, recording a votive offering to the Invictus god by C. Valerius Rufinus.

CIMRM 711

See all Mithraic monuments in Transpadana

Places in Transpadana

 

Angera

Roman settlement on the southern shore of Lacus Verbanus (Lake Maggiore) in Transpadana, known for Mithraic inscriptions and a cave sanctuary traditionally identified as a Mithraeum.

 

Brixia

Brixia was the Roman city corresponding to modern Brescia.

 

Camuni

Camuni refers to the ancient people and territory of Val Camonica in northern Italy.

 

Comum

Comum was the Roman city corresponding to modern Como.

 

Introbbio

Introbbio is associated with archaeological material from the Alpine region of northern Italy.

 

Mediolanum

Mediolanum, the ancient city where Milan now stands, was originally an Insubrian city, but afterwards became an important Roman city in northern Italy.

 

Novaria

Novara aːra] is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan.

 

Tridentum

Tridentum was the Roman city corresponding to modern Trento.

 

Val di Non

Val di Non is an Alpine valley in Trentino associated with Roman-period finds.

 

Vercellae

Vercellae was the Roman city corresponding to modern Vercelli.

Inscriptions from Transpadana

Slab of the astrologer Maximus of Milan

M[arcus] Valeri[us] / Maximu[s] / sacerdo[s] / d[ei] S[olis] i[nvicti] M[ithrae] / stu[di[osus]] / astrologia[e] / sibi et / Severiae Apr[.] / uxori. / H[oc] m[onumentum] h[eredes] n[on] [s[equetur]].
Marcus Valerius Maximus, priest of the invincible sun god Mithras, scholar of astrology, for himself and his wife Severia Apr[---]. This monument is not part of the heritage.

Stele of Acilius Pisonianus from Milan

D[eo] S[oli] i[nvicto] M[ithrae] / P[ublius] Acil[ius] Piso/nianus pater / patratus qui / hoc speleum / vi{i} ignis ab/sumtum com/parata area a re-/publ[ica] Mediol[anensi] / pecunia sua / restituit.
To the invincible Sol god Mithras, Publius Acilius Pisonianus, pater patratus, who at his own expense restored this speleum, which had been completely destroyed by the violent fire, the site having been repaired thanks to the public funds of the Mediolanenses.

Altar from Novaria by Aelius Secundinus

[S]acrum Soli / Mit[hr]ae numini / v... inviet[o] deo / [v]isu iussus / Aelius Secundinus.
Consecrated to Sol M[ithr]as, numen t[riomphant [?]], invincible god. Following a vision, at the behest [of the god] Aelius Secundinus [did].

Inscription of Valerianus Petalus

D[eo] S[oli] i[nvicto] M[ithrae] / adiutor[i] / Valerian[us] / Petalus v[otum] [s[olvit]].
To the invincible god Sol Mithras protector [adiutor], Valerianus Petalus [has] fulfilled his vow.

Inscription of two lions from Angera

Cautopati sac[r[um]] / M[arcus] Status Nig[er] / VI vir aug[ustalis] c[reatus] d[ecreto] d[ecurionum] [M[ediolanensium]] / leg[atus?] dend[rophorum] c[oloniae] A[ureliae?] A[ugustae?] M[ediolanii] / et C[aius] Valerius lulia[nus?] / leones leg[ati?] v[otum] s[olverunt] l[ibentes] m[erito].
Consecrated to Cautopates. Marcus Statius Niger, sevir Augustalis appointed by a decree of the town council and representative of the dendrophoroi of the colonia Aurelia Augusta Mediolanensium, and Caius Valerius Iulianus, both leones and representatives, fulfilled their vow willingly and deservedly.

References

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