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Provincia

Mithras in Pannonia inferior

Along the lower sectors of the middle Danube, Pannonia inferior became a major centre of Mithraic activity in the frontier provinces.

Evidence from Pannonia inferior reflects the strong implantation of Mithraic cults within military, administrative and urban environments connected to the Danubian frontier. Numerous monuments and inscriptions illustrate the importance of the province within the wider religious networks of the Roman military world.

Mithraic monuments of Pannonia inferior

 

Mithraeum VI of Aquincum

A sixth temple dedicated to Mithras has been identified for the first time in the military sector of the ancient Roman city of Aquincum.

 

Mithraeum IV of Aquincum

The Mithraeum of Symphorus and Marcus, in Óbuda, Budapest, has been restored to public view in 2004 and, while well presented, it has been heavily restored.

CIMRM 1767

 

Mithraeum II of Aquincum in Victorinus’s house

This temple of Mithras in Aquincum was located within the private house of the decurio Marcus Antonius Victorinus.

CIMRM 1750

 

Mithraeum of Sárkeszi

One of the largest known Mithraea in Pannonia, the sanctuary of Sárkeszi stood near the Roman road linking Herculia and Aquincum.

 

Tauroctony from Sárkeszi

In this relief found in the Sárkeszi Mithraeum, Cautes and Cautopates hold an Amazon shield.

 

Tauroctony from Symphorus and Marcus from Aquincum

This sculpture of Mithras killing the sacred bull bears an inscription that mentions the donors.

CIMRM 1768

 

Tauroctony from Dunaújváros (Intercisa)

The relief of Mithras slaying the bull of Danaújváros was found broken into three parts in a tomb looted in antiquity.

CIMRM 1838

 

Petrogenia of Aquincum

In Aquincum petrogenia, Mithras holds the usual dagger and torch as he emerges from the rock.

CIMRM 1758

 

Altar of Libella, Budapest

The dedicant of this altar to the god Arimanius was probably a slave who held the grade of Leo.

CIMRM 1773

 

Mithraeum V of Aquincum

The fifth mithraeum from Aquincum has been found in the house of a military tribune.

 

Second petrogeny of Aquincum

Another sculpture of Mithras rock-birth from the Mithraeum of Victorinus, in Aquincum.

CIMRM 1756

 

Altar to Transitus from Sárkeszi

This is one of the altars erected by Septimius Valentinus, in this case, to the transitus of Mithras.

CIMRM 1811

See all Mithraic monuments in Pannonia inferior

Places in Pannonia inferior

 

Alcsút

Alcsút lies within the central Danubian region historically associated with Roman Pannonia Inferior.

 

Aquincum

Aquincum was an ancient city, situated on the northeastern borders of the province of Pannonia within the Roman Empire.

 

Besnyő

Besnyő belongs to the settlement landscape of the middle Danube frontier zone.

 

Budaors

Budaörs is a town in Pest County, in the metropolitan area of Budapest, Hungary. Before the Romans, the Celtic tribe of Eraviscus occupied the area for about 100 years.

 

Campona

Campona occupied a strategic position south of Aquincum along the Danube frontier.

 

Cusum

The identification of Cusum remains uncertain, though it appears connected with the Danubian frontier system of Pannonia.

 

Intercisa

Intecisa was a military camp and town located in the Roman Province of Pannonia, now known as Dunaújváros, bordering Western Hungary.

 

Mursa

Mursa became one of the principal urban centres of Roman Pannonia along the Drava river.

 

Nagy-Kovácsi

Nagykovácsi lies within the hinterland of the Aquincum frontier region.

 

Paks

Paks occupies a position along the middle Danube corridor historically connected with Roman Pannonia.

 

Rittium

Rittium formed part of the Danubian military and communications network of southern Pannonia.

 

Sárkeszi

Sárkeszi is a village in Fejér county, Hungary.

See all Mithraic places in Pannonia inferior

Inscriptions from Pannonia inferior

Tauroctony from Symphorus and Marcus from Aquincum

[Sy]mphorus et M[arcus].
Symphorus and Marcus.

Altar of Libella, Budapest

Deo Arima/nio Libel/la leo / fratribus / voto dic[avit].
To the god Arimanius, Libella, a Lion, dedicated this as promised for his brothers.

Altar to Transitus from Sárkeszi

Tra[n]sit[u D[ei]] / Sep[timius] Va/lenti/nus / opt[io].
To the transit of the God, Septimius Valentinus, optio.

Altars to Cautes and Cautopates from Aquincum

Deo Cauti / M. Ant[onius] Victorinus / dec[urio] col[oniae] / Aq[uinci] aedilis.

Deo Cau/topati / M. Ant[onius] / Victori/nus / dec[urio] col[oniae] / Aq[uinci] / aedilis.
To Cautes, Marcus Antonius Victorinus, decurion of the colony of Aquincum, aedile.

To Cautopates, Marcus Antonius Victorinus, decurion of the colony of Aquincum, aedile.

Altar of Iulius Rasci from Borovo

Invicto / Mitre / Iul[ius] Rasci or Racci /[—].
To the Invincible Mithras Iulius Rasci[—] or Racci[—]...

Altar to Sol by brothers of Budaors

Sol[i] Soc[io] / M[arcus] Aur[elius] Fron/tinianus / et M[arcus] Aur[elius] Fr[o]/nto mil[ites] leg[ionis] /II Ad[iutricis] fratres / templ[um] const[ituerunt] / Antonino / IIII co[n]s[ule].
To the sun god, Marcus Aurelius Frontinianus and Marcus Aurelius Fronto, soldiers of the Second Adiutrix Legion, brothers, have built a temple in the consulship of Antoninus IV.

Altar from Aquincum by Castinus

Deo Invicto / Mitrae C[aius] / Iul[ius] Casti/nus leg[atus] Augg[ustorum] / pr[o] pr[aetore].
To the invincible god Mitra, Caius Iulius Castinus, legate prefect of the emperors.

Altar of Veturius Dubitatus from Dalj

I[nvicto] d[eo] M[ithrae] / [Ve?]t[urius] Du/[bi]tatus / [vet[eranus]] a[lae] I [primae] c[ivium] R[omanorum] / [e]x dupl[icario] / v[otum] s[olvit] l[ibens] m[erito].
To the Invincible God Mithras, Veturius Dubitatus, veteran of the first ala of the Roman citizens, ex duplicarius, fulfilled his vow willingly and deservedly.

Altar for Fons Dei

Font[i d(ei?)] / Sep(timius) Valenti/nus opt(io).
To the spring/source of the god(?), Septimius Valentinus, optio, [dedicated this].

Altar of Victorinus to Fons Perennis

Fonti Perenni / M(arcus) Ant(onius) Victorinus dec(urio) col(oniae) Aq(uinci) aed(ilis).
To the Perennial Spring. Marcus Antonius Victorinus, decurion of the colony of Aquincum and aedile.

Altar to Cautes by Septimius Valentinus

[Cauto] // Sep(timius) / Vale/ntinus / opt(io).
To Cautes, Septimius Valentinus, optio, [dedicated this].

Altar to Petra Genetrix from Aquincum

Petrae genetrici.
To the Mother Rock.
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