This site uses cookies to offer you a better browsing experience.
Find out more on how we use cookies in our privacy policy.

 
Regio

Mithras in Pannonia

Pannonia preserves one of the most important frontier corpora of Mithraic evidence in the Roman world.

The Mithraic evidence documented in Pannonia is exceptionally rich and closely connected to military communities stationed along the Danube frontier. The province preserves numerous monuments, inscriptions and mithraea illustrating the strong implantation of the cult within the frontier systems of the Roman Empire.

Mithraic monuments of Pannonia

 

Mithraeum I of Ptuj

The Mithraeum I of Ptuj contains the foundation, altars, reliefs and cult imagery found in it.

CIMRM 1487

 

Mithraeum IV of Aquincum

The Mithraeum of Symphorus and Marcus, in Óbuda, Budapest, has been restored to public view in 2004 and, while well presented, it has been heavily restored.

CIMRM 1767

 

Altar to Petra Genetrix from Budapest

Small limestone altar from Aquincum, Budapest, dedicated to Petra Genetrix.

CIMRM 1743

 

Mithraeum of Fertőrákos

The temple of Mithras in Fertorakos was constructed by soldiers from the Carnuntum legion at the beginning of the 3rd century AD.

CIMRM 1636

 

Mithraeum III of Ptuj

Mithraeum III in Ptuj was built in two periods: the original walls were made of pebbles, while the extension of a later period was made of brick.

CIMRM 1578

 

Mithraeum I of Carnuntum

According to the scarcely detailed design of von Sacken, the lay-out of the temple must have been nearly semi-circular.

CIMRM 1664

 

Altar of Carnuntum by the Augusti and Caesares

Altar with Cautes and Cautopates dedicated to Sol Invictus Mithras as protector of the Tetrarchy in 3rd-century Carnuntum.

CIMRM 1697

 

Winged bull torso from Mithraeum II, Ptuj

Marble torso from Mithraeum II at Ptuj, ancient Poetovio, probably representing a winged, reclining bull with two vertical attachment ligaments on the reverse.

CIMRM 1548

 

Tauroctony relief of Fertőrákos

The main cultic relief of Mithras slaying the bull of Fertorakos was carved into the rock face.

CIMRM 1642

 

Mithraeum II of Aquincum in Victorinus’s house

This temple of Mithras in Aquincum was located within the private house of the decurio Marcus Antonius Victorinus.

CIMRM 1750

 

Sandstone tauroctony relief from Carnuntum

Sandstone relief of Mithras killing the bull, broken in two parts and partly restored, with dog, serpent and scorpion preserved; formerly in Vienna, now on loan to the Museum Carnuntinum.

CIMRM 1665

 

Mithras rock-birth of Mithraeum III, Ptuj

Cautes and Cautopates attend the birth of Mithras from the rock in the Petrogenia of the third Mithraeum of Ptuj.

CIMRM 1593

See all Mithraicmonuments in Pannonia

Provinces of Pannonia

 

Pannonia inferior

Along the lower sectors of the middle Danube, Pannonia inferior became a major centre of Mithraic activity in the frontier provinces.

 

Pannonia superior

Pannonia superior preserves one of the richest frontier corpora of Mithraic evidence along the middle Danube.

Places in Pannonia

 

Rodine

Rožanec is a settlement north of the town of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia.

 

Aequinoctium

Aequinoctium occupied an important position along the Danubian frontier communications routes.

 

Alcsút

Alcsút lies within the central Danubian region historically associated with Roman Pannonia Inferior.

 

Aquincum

Aquincum was an ancient city, situated on the northeastern borders of the province of Pannonia within the Roman Empire.

 

Atrans-Trojana

Atrans stood near the important Alpine crossing routes linking Italy with the Danubian provinces.

 

Besnyő

Besnyő belongs to the settlement landscape of the middle Danube frontier zone.

 

Brigetio

Brigetio, which became Szőny, was an independent town until 1977, when it was incorporated into Komárom. The Roman legion Legio I Adiutrix was stationed here from 86 AD until the middle of the 5th century.

 

Budaors

Budaörs is a town in Pest County, in the metropolitan area of Budapest, Hungary. Before the Romans, the Celtic tribe of Eraviscus occupied the area for about 100 years.

 

Campona

Campona occupied a strategic position south of Aquincum along the Danube frontier.

 

Carnuntum

Carnuntum was a Roman legionary fortress and headquarters of the Pannonian fleet from 50 AD. After the 1st century, it was capital of the Pannonia Superior province. It also became a large city of 50,000 inhabitants.

 

Cusum

The identification of Cusum remains uncertain, though it appears connected with the Danubian frontier system of Pannonia.

 

Eisenstadt

Eisenstadt belongs to the western Pannonian region historically connected with the Roman frontier zone.

See all Mithraic sites in Pannonia

Inscriptions from Pannonia

Altar to Petra Genetrix from Budapest

Petrae genetrici.
To the Mother Rock.

Altar of Carnuntum by the Augusti and Caesares

D[eo] S[oli] i[nvicto] M[ithrae] / fautori imperii sui / Iovii et Herculii / religiosissimi / Augusti et Caesares / sacrarium / restituerunt.
To the god Sol Invictus Mithras, the protector of their empire, the most devout followers of Jupiter and Hercules, the Augusti and Caesares, restored this shrine.

Tauroctony relief of Fertőrákos

---] fecit inpendio suo
[—] made (this) at his own expense

Mithras rock-birth of Mithraeum III, Ptuj

D[eo] S[oli] i[nvicto] M[ithrae] / pro sal[ute] officialium Apri prae/positi leg[ionum] V M[acedonicae] et XIII gem[inae] / Galli[enarum].
To the invincible god Sol Mithras, for the salvation of the members of the administrative office [officiales] of [Flavius] Aper, commander of the Macedonian legions V and XIII Gemina Galliens

Mithraeum of Rožanec

D[eo] i[nvicto] M[ithrae] / d[omino] P[ublius] P[ublii] Aelii Nepos et / Proculus et Firminus / pro salute sua suorumque.
Mithras invincible god / to the master Publius Publius Aelius Nepos and / Proculus and Firminus / for the safety of their people and their relatives.

Mithras rock-born from Ptuj

Naturae dei / Prudens Primi / Antoni Rufi p[ublici] p[ortorii] / vil[ici] vic[arius].
To the birth of God. Prudentus, under the management of Primus, caretaker of the public customs office [tenant] Antonius Rufus.

Great Tauroctony of Carnuntum Mithraeum III

T[itus] Fl[avius] Viato[r] condi fe[cit].
Titus Flavius Viator had (this) built.

Tauroctony from Stixneusiedl

D[eo] In[victo] M[ithrae] S[oli] pro s[alute] Aug[ustorum] nn[ostrorum] L[ucii] Sep[timii] / Valerius et Valerianus sex[viri] col[oniae] K[arnunti] / v[otum] s[olverunt] l[ibentes] m[erito].
To the god Sol Invictus Mithras, for the well-being of our Augusti Lucius Septimius, Valerius and Valerianus, the six-men of the colony of Carnuntum willingly and deservedly fulfilled their vow.

Altar to Petra Genetrix from Carnuntum

Petrae / Genetrici / P[ublius] Ael[ius] Nigri/nus sacerd[os] / v[otum] s[olvit].
To the Petra Genetrix, Publius Aelius Nigrinus, priest, has fulfilled his vow.

Flavius Aper altar (CIMRM 1584)

D[eo] S[oli] i[nvicto] M[ithrae] / pro sal[ute] d[omini] n[ostri] Gallieni p[ii] f[elicis] / invicti Aug[usti] Fl[avius] Aper v[ir] e[gregius] l[ibens] m[erito].
To the invincible god Mithras, for the salvation of our pious and happy master Gallienus, the invincible emperor, Flavius Aper, a remarkable man [= knight], willingly and justly.

Altar with inscription and symbolic figures from Ptuj

Invict[o] Mithrae / et Transitu dei / Theodorus p[ublici] p[ortorii] / scrut[ator] stat[ionis] Poet[ovionensis] / ex visu.
To the invincible Mithras and for the passage [transitus] of the god, Theodorus, scrutator of the customs of the Poetovio station, following a vision.

Tauroctony from Ruše

M[arcus] Porcius / Verus / proc[urator] Aug[usti] / me / pos/uit.
Marcus Porcius Verus, Procurator of the Emperor [or Augustus], placed.

See all Mithraicinscriptions from Pannonia

Back to Top