Mithraic monuments of Dura Europos
Mithraeum of Dura Europos
The most emblematic of the Syrian Mithraea was discovered in 1933 by a team led by the Russian historian Mikhaïl Rostovtzeff.
CIMRM 34
First Tauroctony relief of Dura Europos
One of the reliefs of the Dura Europos tauroctonies includes several characters with their respective names.
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Sol and Mithras fresco of Dura Europos
Sol watches Mithras as he gazes Mithras gazes up to heaven while sharing the sacred meal.
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Mithras hunting from Dura Europos
In this fresco from Dura Europos, Mithras is represented as a hunter accompanied by the lion and the serpent.
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Main Tauroctony relief from Dura Europos
The main relief of Mithras killing the bull from the Mithraeum of Dura Europos includes three persons named Zenobius, Jariboles and Barnaadath.
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Frescoes of 'Magis' from Dura Europos
Some scholars have speculated that the scrolls both figures hold in their hands represent Eastern doctrines brought to the Western world.
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Fresco with tauroctony and seven cypresses
This enigmatic fresco on top of the main tauroctony shows Mithras killing the bull, accompanied by Cautes and Cautopates, surrounded by burning altars and cypress trees.
CIMRM 45
Inscription on the restoration of the Mithraeum of Dura Europos
Antonius Valentinus, centurio, made this plaque for the salut des empereurs Septimus Severus and Marcus Aurelius.
CIMRM 53
Graffiti to Kamerios from Dura Europos Mithraeum
The text mentions a certain Kamerios, described as immaculate miles.
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Column with inscription from Dura Europos
The inscription pays homage to the emperor, probably Caracalla, to Mithras, the fathers, the petitor and the syndexioi.
CIMRM 54
Dipinto in red letters from Dura Europos
This short dipinto pays homage to the Lions and the Persians, the 4th and 5th Mithraic degrees.
CIMRM 58
Scratched words of Kamerios
'Hail to Kamerios the Pater' can be read on one of the walls of the mithraeum at Dura Europos.
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People attested in Dura Europos
Inscriptions from Dura Europos
First Tauroctony relief of Dura Europos
In good memory. Made by Ethpeni the strategist, son of Zabdē’ā, commander of the archers who are in Dura. In the month of Adar in the year 480.
Main Tauroctony relief from Dura Europos
Fresco with tauroctony and seven cypresses
Inscription on the restoration of the Mithraeum of Dura Europos
Graffiti to Kamerios from Dura Europos Mithraeum
Column with inscription from Dura Europos
Dipinto in red letters from Dura Europos
Scratched words of Kamerios
Inscription to Tourmasgade from Dura Europos
Engraved column by Maximus of Dura Europos
Graffito naming Maximus magus at Dura-Europos
List of Mithraic grades from Dura-Europos
a) Νάμα Γεμεινιανῷ ἀγαθῷ συνδεξίῳ.
b) Νάμα Μονίμῳ συνδεξ[ίῳ] ἀγαθῷ.
a) Hail to Geminianus, the good Syndexios.
b) Hail to Monimos, the good Syndexios.
References
- Alfred Shenington Geden. Engraved column by Maximus of Dura Europos in EDCS
- Edgar Wind (229) Historia Romana
- Elizabeth Peters (2001) El culto de Mitra en la época de Caracalla
- Epigraphic Database Heidelberg (2024) Engraved column by Maximus of Dura Europos in EDH
- Eugene David Francis (1975) Mithraic graffiti from Dura-Europos.
- Frank Edward Brown, Michael Ivanovich Rostovtzeff & Charles Bradford Welles (eds.) (1939) The Excavations at Dura-Europos. Preliminary Report of the Seventh and Eighth Seasons of Work, 1933–1934 and 1934–1935
- Franz-Valéry-Marie Cumont & Eric David Francis. The Dura Mithraeum
- J. R. Hinnells (ed.) (1975) Mithraic Studies. Proceedings of the First International Congress of Mithraic Studies
- Laurent Bricault & Philippe Roy (2021) Les cultes de Mithra dans l’Empire romain
- Lisa R. Brody & Gail L. Horffman (eds.) (2001) Dura Europos. Crossroads to Antiquity
- Lucinda Dirven (2025) Dura-Europos: Past, Present, Future
- Maarten Vermaseren (1960) Mithra, ce dieu mystérieux
- Michael J. Fuller (2015) Graffiti from Mithraeum at Dura Europos
- Michael J. Fuller (2015) The Shrine of the Holy God Mithras at Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria.
- René Dussaud (1949) Anciens bronzes du Louristan et cultes iraniens
- Richard Lindsay Gordon (2001) Trajets de Mithra en Syrie romaine
- Shrine to the God Mithras (Mithraeum)
