The Mithraic evidence documented in Moesia inferior reflects the province’s strategic role within the frontier system of the lower Danube and the western Black Sea. Military mobility, urban settlements and riverine communication networks contributed to the diffusion of the cult throughout the region.
Mithraic monuments of Moesia inferior
Coin of Septimius Severus and god on horseback
Coin of Istrus, Moesia Inferior, showing Caracalla on one side and a god on horseback (Mithras ?) on the other.
Tauroctony from Târgușor
This limestone relief of Mithras killing the bull bears an inscription by a certain Flavius Horimos, consecrated in a ’secret forest’ in Moesia.
CIMRM 2306
Tauroctony stele from Nicopolis ad Istrum
The Tauroctony of Nicopolis ad Istrum is unique as it is the only Mithraic stele befitting a Greek donor.
CIMRM 2264
Inscription with Cautes and Cautopates of Steklen
An unusual feature of this very ancient relief is that Cautopates carries a cockerel upside down, while Cautes carries it right-side up.
CIMRM 2268
Tauroctony from Kreta
Sandstone tauroctony relief from the Mithraeum at Kreta (Крета), depicting Mithras within a vaulted grotto accompanied by the torchbearers, Sol and Luna.
CIMRM 2257
Altar of Tettius Plotus from Oescus
In the altar that Titus Tettius Plotus dedicated to the invincible God, he called himself pater sacrorum.
CIMRM 2252
Autel of Straton from Kreta
Straton, son of Straton, consecrated an altar to Helios Mithras in Kreta, Moesia inferior.
CIMRM 2260
Altar bearing a relief of Cautopates from Silistra
Votive altar depicting Cautopates from the Roman city of Durostorum, modern-day Silistra in Bulgaria.
CIMRM 2274
Circular tauroctony from Soukhin-Dol
Small marble tauroctony relief from the Roman castellum near Soukhin-Dol, Moesia Inferior, in an arched circular composition depicting the standard bull-slaying scene.
CIMRM 2266
Serpent fragment from Kirk-Bunar
Marble tauroctony relief fragment from Kirk-Bunar near the monastery of St. Petka, Moesia Inferior, preserving part of the creeping serpent as proof of a bull-slaying composition.
CIMRM 2295
Tauroctony fragment from Axiopolis
Marble tauroctony fragment from Axiopolis, Moesia Inferior, preserving only a small part of Mithras's knee, the hind part of the bull, and the scorpion.
CIMRM 2279
Tauroctony fragment from Novae
Marble tauroctony relief fragment from Steklen near Svichtov, ancient Novae in Moesia Inferior, preserving the right part of a bull-slaying scene with a serpent and the grotto border.
CIMRM 2267
Brothers attested in Moesia inferior
Places in Moesia inferior
Acbunar
The locality of Acbunar is associated with archaeological remains from the lower Danubian frontier zone.
Callatis
Callatis developed as an important Black Sea port on the western coast of the Pontus Euxinus.
Histria
Histria was one of the earliest Greek colonies established on the western shores of the Black Sea.
Istros
Under Roman rule from the 1st century CE, Histria was incorporated into the province of Moesia. The city is noted on the Tabula Peutingeriana, which places it 11 miles from Tomis and 9 miles from Ad Stoma.
Kreta
Small settlement on the lower Vit River in northern Bulgaria, within the territory of Roman Moesia Inferior.
Nicopolis ad Istrum
Nicopolis ad Istrum or Nicopolis ad Iatrum was a Roman and Early Byzantine town. Its ruins are located at the village of Nikyup, 20 km north of Veliko Tarnovo in northern Bulgaria. The site was placed on the Tentative List for consideration as a Wo
Novae
Novae was initially one of the few great Roman legionary fortresses along the empire’s border, forming part of the defences along the Danube in northern Bulgaria. It lies about 4 km east of the modern town of Svishtov.
Inscriptions from Moesia inferior
Tauroctony from Târgușor
Φλ[άουιος] Ὣριμος Φλ[αουίου] Μακέδονος οἰκονόμος κατ᾽ ἐπιταγήν / θεῷ ἀνεικήτῳ Μίτρᾳ ἀνέθηκεν εἰς ἄλσος ἀπόκρυφον. / Ε᾽θφράτῃ εὔχεσθαι ἁγνῶς. Φοῖβος Νικομηδεὺς ἐποίει.
Flavius Horimos, steward of Flavius Macedo, by order, to the invincible god Mithras, consecrated, in a secret forest. Adore the Euphrates with piety. Phoibos of Nicomedia made [this monument].
Horimos, the ‘Father’, dedicated this.
Flavius Horimos, the supervisor of the estate of Flavius Makedon, dedicated this to the invincible god Mithras, upon [divine] command, for a secret grove. May you pray to Euphrates in a pure manner. Phoibos of Nikomedeia made this.
Tauroctony stele from Nicopolis ad Istrum
Inscription with Cautes and Cautopates of Steklen
Altar of Tettius Plotus from Oescus
Autel of Straton from Kreta
Altar of Marcus Sikis Dossis from Kreta
Altar with uncertain dedication from Kreta
References
- Philippe Roy (2021) Les cultes de Mithra dans l’Empire romain






