The Mithraic evidence documented in Roman Britannia is closely associated with military environments, frontier installations and the northern limits of imperial occupation. The province preserves several well-known mithraea and inscriptions connected to soldiers and officials stationed along the frontiers of the Roman world.
Mithraic monuments of Britannia
Mithraeum of Inveresk
The Mithraeum of Inveresk, south of Musselburgh, East Lothian, is the first found in Scotland, and the earliest securely dated example from Britain.
Mithraeum of Carrawburgh
The temple of Mithras of Carrawburgh, Brocolita, disclosed three main stages of development, the second exhibiting two reconstructions.
CIMRM 844
London Mithraeum
The Mithraeum of London, also known as the Walbrook Mithraeum, was contextualised and relocated to its original site in 2016.
CIMRM 814
Mithraeum of Housesteads
The Housesteads Mithraeum is an underground temple, now burried, discovered in 1822 in a slope of the Chapel Hill, outside of the Roman Fort at the Hadrian's Wall.
CIMRM 852
Arimanius from York
The statue of Arimanius/Ahriman was found in 1874 under the city wall of York during the construction of the railway station.
CIMRM 833
Tauroctonia de Walbrook
The image of Mithras killing the bull, found near Walbrook, is surrounded by a Zoadiac circle.
CIMRM 810
Mithraeum of Caernarfon
Mithraeum near the Roman fort of Segontium at Caernarfon, built around AD 200 and refurbished twice before being desecrated and burnt in the later 4th century.
CIMRM 2374
Altar with openwork of Inveresk
The altar of Sol from Inveresk, Scotland, was pierced, probably to illuminate part of the temple with a particular effect.
Mithras rock-born from Housesteads
A naked Mithra emerges from the cosmic egg surrounded by the zodiac, as always carrying a torch and a dagger.
CIMRM 860
Mithraeum of Rudchester
The Mithraeum of Rudchester was discovered in 1844 on the brow of the hill outside the roman station.
CIMRM 838
Mithras-Sol Altar from the Carrawburgh
One of the altars from the Carrawburgh Mithraeum depicts the bust of Mithras or Sol.
CIMRM 847
Mithras head of Walbrook
The Mithras's head of Walbrook probable belonged to a life-size scene of the god scarifying the bull.
CIMRM 815
People attested in Britannia
Provinces of Britannia
Britannia inferior
Along the northern frontier of Roman Britain, Britannia inferior preserves important evidence linked to military and frontier communities.
Britannia superior
Britannia superior preserves a substantial body of Mithraic evidence associated with military sites and urban centres of Roman Britain.
Places in Britannia
Borcovicium
Housesteads Roman Fort is the remains of an auxiliary fort on Hadrian's Wall, at Housesteads, Northumberland, England, south of Broomlee Lough.
Brocolita
Brocolitia, also called Procolita or Brocolita, was an auxiliary settlement on Hadrian's Wall. This site is now known as Carrawburgh.
Burham
Burham is a village and civil parish in the borough of Tonbridge and Malling in Kent, England.
Camulodunum
Camulodunum, modern Colchester, was among the earliest coloniae established in Britannia after the Roman conquest.
Coria
Coria developed as a major military and civilian centre near Hadrian’s Wall at modern Corbridge in northern Britannia.
Eboracum
Eboracum was a fort and later a city in the Roman province of Britannia. Two Roman emperors died in Eboracum: Septimius Severus in 211 AD, and Constantius Chlorus in 306 AD.
Eburacum
Eburacum, modern York, served as one of the principal administrative and military centres of northern Britannia.
Epiacum
The hill fort of Epiacum, known today as Whitley Castle, occupied a strategic upland position south of Hadrian’s Wall.
Inscriptions from Britannia
Arimanius from York
Tauroctonia de Walbrook
Altar with openwork of Inveresk
Mithras-Sol Altar from the Carrawburgh
Altar of Inveresk with a griffin
Altar of Carrawburgh by Aulus Cluentius
Altar of Carrawburgh by Antonius Proculus
Denarius depicting Mithras rock-birth of St. Albans
Tabula ansata of Lucius from Bremenium
Dionysus group marble of London
Inscription to Sol Apollo Anicetus from Rudchester
Inscripton of Justus from Caerleon
References
- Aleš Chalupa (2023) Římský kult boha Mithry. Atlas lokalit a katalog nálezů I
- Attilio Mastrocinque (2017) The Mysteries of Mithras. A Different Account
- Laurent Bricault & Philippe Roy (2021) Les cultes de Mithra dans l’Empire romain
- Mariana Egri & Matthew M. McCarty (2020) The Archaeology of Mithraism. New Finds and Approaches to Mithras-Worship











