This site uses cookies to offer you a better browsing experience.
Find out more on how we use cookies in our privacy policy.

 
Provincia

Mithras in Latium

Latium formed the political and religious centre of the Roman world where some of the most important Mithraic communities developed.

The corpus from Latium is dominated by the exceptional concentration of Mithraic evidence documented in Rome and Ostia. Urban density, imperial administration and intense commercial activity contributed to the extraordinary development of Mithraic cults within the region.

Mithraic monuments of Latium

 

Mitreo di San Clemente

The Mithraeum under the Basilica of San Clemente made part of a notable Roman house.

CIMRM 338

 

Mitreo di Santa Prisca

The Mithraeum of Santa Prisca houses remarkable frescoes showing the initiates in procession.

CIMRM 476

 

Mithraeum of the Baths of Caracalla

The Mitreo delle terme di Caracalla is one of the largest temples dedicated to Mithras ever found in Rome.

CIMRM 457

 

Mitreo di Felicissimo

The Mithraeum Felicissimus has a floor mosaic depicting the seven mithraic grades.

CIMRM 299

 

Mitreo del Circo Massimo

The Mithraeum of the Circus Maximus was discovered in 1931 during work carried out to create a storage area for the scenes and costumes of the Opera House within the Museums of Rome building.

CIMRM 434

 

Aion of Villa Albani

White marble statue of Lion-head god of time, formerly in the Villa Albani, nowadays in the Musei Vaticani.

CIMRM 545

 

Tauroctony 593

This is the earliest sculpture of Mithras killing the bull known to date.

CIMRM 593

 

Tauroctony in the British Museum

The sculpture of Mithras slaying the bull was transported from Rome to London by Charles Standish in 1815.

CIMRM 592

 

Mitreo delle Sette Sfere

The Mithraeum of the Seven Spheres (Sette Sfere) is of great importance for the understanding of the cult, because of its black-and-white mosaics depicting the planets, the zodiac and related elements.

CIMRM 239

 

Mitreo di Santo Stefano Rotondo

The Mitreo dei Castra Peregrinorum was discovered under the church of Santo Stefano Rotondo in Rome.

 

Tauroctony from Santo Stefano Rotondo

The relief of Mithras killing the bull of Stefano Rotodon preserves part of his polycromy and depicts two unusual figures: Hesperus and an owl.

 

Mitreo di Marino

The Mithraeum of Marino presents an unusually elongated structure with depictions from the Severian period.

See all Mithraic monuments in Latium

Places in Latium

 

Roma

Archaeological evidence shows that the area around Rome has been inhabited since around 14,000 years ago. Excavations support the theory that Rome grew from pastoral settlements on the Palatine Hill, which was built over the area of the Roman Forum.

 

Antium

Antium was an ancient coastal settlement in Latium, founded around the 11th century BC. A major stronghold of the Volsci before its conquest by Rome, its territory largely corresponds to modern Anzio and Nettuno.

 

Lanuvium

Lanuvium (modern Lanuvio) was an ancient city of Latium Vetus, about 32 km southeast of Rome. A member of the Latin League, it was conquered by Rome in 338 BC and remained an active municipium into the Imperial period.

 

Marino

Marino has been inhabited by Latin tribes since the 1st millennium BC. During the Roman Republic it was a summer resort for Roman patricians who built luxurious villas in the area.

 

Ocriculum

Otricoli is a town and comune in the province of Terni, Umbria, central Italy.

 

Ostia

Ostia may have been Rome's first colony. According to legend, Ancus Marcius, the fourth king of Rome, destroyed the area and founded the colony. An inscription seems to confirm the foundation of the ancient castrum of Ostia in the 7th century BC.

 

Portus

Portus was a large artificial harbour of Ancient Rome.

 

Stabiae

Stabiae was an ancient city situated near the modern town of Castellammare di Stabia and approximately 4.5 km southwest of Pompeii.

 

Tarquinia

Tarquinia, formerly Corneto, is an old city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio, Central Italy, known chiefly for its ancient Etruscan tombs in the widespread necropoleis, or cemeteries, for which it was awarded UNESCO World Heritage status. In 1922, i

 

Tibur

Tivoli is a town and comune in Lazio, central Italy, 30 kilometres north-east of Rome, at the falls of the Aniene river where it issues from the Sabine hills.

 

Volsinii

Volsinii or Vulsinii, is the name of two ancient cities of Etruria, one situated on the shore of Lacus Volsiniensis, and the other on the Via Clodia, between Clusium and Forum Cassii.

Inscriptions from Latium

Mitreo di Felicissimo

Felicissimvs / ex voto f[ecit]
Felicissimus made [this] in fulfilment of a vow.

Tauroctony 593

Alcimus T. Cl[audi] Liviani ser[vus] vilic[us] S[oli] M[ithrae] v[otum] s[olvit] d[onum] d[edit]
Alcimus, slave and bailiff of Tiberius Claudius Livianus, gave this as a gift to the sun-god Mithras in fulfilment of a vow.

Altar from Mitreo di San Clemente

Cn[aeus] Arrius Claudianus / pater posuit.
Pater Cnaeus Arrius Claudianus placed.

Procession Fresco from Santa Prisca

Nama [patribus] / ab oriente / ad occidente[m] / tutela Saturni. [Na]ma H[eliodromis] / tute[l]a S[ol]is. [Na]ma Persis / tutela [Mer]curis. Nama L[e]on[i]b[us] j tutela Iovis. Nama Militibus j tutela Mart[is]. Nama Nym[phis] j tutjela Veneris. [Nama coracibus tutla Lunae].
Honor to the Patres, from the east to the west, under the protection of Saturn. Honor to the Heliodromi, under the protection of the Sun. Honor to the Persae, under the protection of Mercurius. Honor to the Leones, under the protection of Jupiter. Honor to the Militares, under the protection of Mars. Honor to the Nymphi, under the protection of Venus. Honor to the Coraces, under the protection of Luna.

Mosaic of the Mitreo di Felicissimo

FELICISSIMVS / EX VOTO F[ecit].
Felicissimus fulfilled his vow.

Slab of Sol Invictus

Soli invicto / pro salute imp[eratorum] / et genio n[umeri] / eq[uitum] sing[ula- rium] / eorum M. Ulp[ius] / Chresimus sace[rd[os]] / Iovis Dolich[eni] / v[otum] s[olvit] l[ibens] l[aetus] [m[erito]]
Dedicated to Sol Invictus and to the Genius of the Imperial Batavian horseguards [equites singulares] for the emperors' health, by M. Ulpius Chresimus, priest of Jupiter Dolichenus

Aion of Mitreo Fagan

C. Valeri/us Heracles pat[er] / et C[aii] Valerii / Vitalis et Nico/mes sacerdo/tes s[ua] p[e]c[unia] p[o]s[ue]r[unt]. / D[e]d[icatum] idi[bus] aug[ustis] im[peratore] / Com[odo] / VI et / Septi/miano / co[n]s[ulibus].
Gaius Valerius Heracles, father, and Gaius Valerius Vitalis and Gaius Valerius Nicome[de]s, priests, laid at their own expense. [Statue] dedicated on the ides of August, under the consulates of Emperor Commodus for the sixth time and Septimianus.

Tauroctony from the Mitreo delle terme di Mitra

Κρίτων / Ἀθηναιος / έποίει.
Kriton the Athenian made [this].

Tauroctony from the Villa Borghese

Nama Sebesio. / Deo Soli invict[o] Mitrhe [sic!] / C[aii] Aufidii Ianuarius [et…] Nam/a/ ne CS
Tribute to Sebesius.
To the invincible Sol god Mithras. Caius Aufidius Ianuarius [and Caius Aufidius ---].

Frescoes of lions at Santa Prisca

Nama Nicephoro leoni; nama Theodoro leoni.
Nama Hel[io]doro leoni; Nama Gelasio leoni; Nama Phoebo leoni.
Tribute to Nicephoros, Lion; Tribute to Theodoros, Lion.
Tribute to Heliodoros, Lion; Tribute to Gelasios, Lion; Tribute to Poebus, Lion.

Aion relief of Mitreo Fagan

C. Valerius Heracles pat[e]r e[t] an[tis]/tes dei iu[b]enis inconrupti So[l]is invicti Mithra[e / c]ryptam palati concessa[m] sibi a M. Aurelio / ---.
Gaius Valerius Heracles, pater and priest of the young god Sol Invictus Mithras, made [?] the crypt of the palace, which was granted to him by Marcus Aurelius [---].

Tauroctony relief exposed at the Hermitage Museum

D[onum] deo invicto d[ederunt] / Marci Matti / Fortuna/tus / et Alexander / et Pardus / et Eficax / per Fl[avio] Alexandro patre.
They gave a gift to the god Invictus: the Marci Matti, Fortunatus, and Alexander, and Pardus, and Efficax, through Flavius Alexander, pater.

See all Mithraic inscriptions from Latium

References

Back to Top